Hydrocele is a common condition that causes swelling in the scrotum. It happens when fluid builds up around one or both testicles. While hydrocele can affect males of any age, it is more common in newborns and older men. In most cases, hydrocele is not dangerous. However, it can cause discomfort or concern. This blog will explain what a hydrocele is, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. You will also learn when to see a doctor and how to care for yourself.
What is a Hydrocele?
A hydrocele is a painless swelling in the scrotum. The scrotum is the loose pouch of skin that holds the testicles. Usually, a hydrocele forms when fluid collects in the thin sac around a testicle. Although hydroceles are often harmless, they can sometimes signal an underlying problem. For example, they may develop after an injury or infection. Hydroceles are most common in newborn boys, but adults can get them too. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), hydroceles are a leading cause of scrotal swelling worldwide.
Causes of Hydrocele
Hydroceles can develop for different reasons. In newborns, they often occur because the opening between the abdomen and scrotum does not close before birth. This allows fluid to move into the scrotum. In adults, hydroceles may form due to:
Sometimes, the cause is not clear. However, knowing the possible reasons can help you understand your risk.
Symptoms of Hydrocele
Most hydroceles do not cause pain. Still, they can lead to noticeable signs. Common hydrocele symptoms in adults and children include:
Sometimes, the swelling may get worse after standing for a long time. If you notice sudden pain, redness, or fever, seek medical help right away. These may be signs of infection or another serious problem.
How is Hydrocele Diagnosed?
Doctors use simple steps to diagnose hydrocele. First, they will ask about your symptoms and medical history. Next, they will examine your scrotum. Often, a doctor will shine a light through the scrotum in a test called transillumination. If the swelling is filled with fluid, the light will pass through. In some cases, your doctor may order an ultrasound. This test uses sound waves to create pictures of the scrotum. It helps rule out other causes of swelling, such as hernias or tumors. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), ultrasound is safe and painless.
Treatment Options for Hydrocele
Many hydroceles in babies go away on their own within a year. In adults, treatment for hydrocele depends on the size and symptoms. If the hydrocele is small and not causing problems, your doctor may suggest watchful waiting. However, if the swelling is large or uncomfortable, treatment may be needed. Options include:
Most people recover quickly after treatment. But, as with any surgery, there are small risks of infection or bleeding. Your doctor will explain the best option for you.
Prevention and Lifestyle Tips
While you cannot always prevent hydrocele, you can lower your risk by taking care of your health. Here are some tips:
Although these steps may not stop all cases, they can help keep your scrotum healthy.
When to See a Doctor
It is important to talk to a doctor if you notice any scrotal swelling or changes. Even though hydrocele is often harmless, other conditions can cause similar symptoms. For example, hernias, infections, or tumors may also cause swelling. You should seek medical help right away if you have:
Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent problems and give you peace of mind.
In summary, hydrocele is a common cause of scrotal swelling in males. While it is usually harmless, it is important to know the symptoms and treatment options. Consult a specialist for personalized guidance on hydrocele.